Stacking test

Criterion for passing the test: no packaging may leak.

Stacking test

All design types of packagings other than bags, and other than non-stackable composite packagings
(glass, porcelain, or stoneware) marked with the symbol "RID/ADR" according to 6.1.3.1 (a) (ii), shall
be subjected to a stacking test.

Number of test samples: three test samples per design type and manufacturer.

Test method: the test sample shall be subjected to a force applied to the top surface of the test sample
equivalent to the total weight of identical packages which might be stacked on it during carriage;
where the contents of the test sample are liquids with relative density different from that of the liquid
to be carried, the force shall be calculated in relation to the latter. The minimum height of the stack
including the test sample shall be 3 metres. The duration of the test shall be 24 hours except that
plastics drums, jerricans, and composite packagings 6HH1 and 6HH2 intended for liquids shall be
subjected to the stacking test for a period of 28 days at a temperature of not less than 40 °C.
For the test in accordance with 6.1.5.2.5, the original filling substance shall be used. For the test in
accordance with 6.1.5.2.6, a stacking test shall be carried out with a standard liquid.

 

Criteria for passing the test: no test sample shall leak. In composite packagings or combination
packagings, there shall be no leakage of the filling substance from the inner receptacle or inner
packaging. No test sample shall show any deterioration which could adversely affect transport safety
or any distortion liable to reduce its strength or cause instability in stacks of packages. Plastics
packagings shall be cooled to ambient temperature before the assessment.

Supplementary permeability test for plastics drums and jerricans in accordance with 6.1.4.8 and for composite packagings (plastics material) in accordance with 6.1.4.19 intended for the carriage of liquids having a flash-point ≤ 60 °C, other than 6HA1 packagings

Polyethylene packagings need be subjected to this test only if they are to be approved for the carriage
of benzene, toluene, xylene or mixtures and preparations containing those substances.

Number of test samples: three packagings per design type and manufacturer.

Special preparation of the test sample for the test: the test samples are to be pre-stored with the
original filling substance in accordance with 6.1.5.2.5, or, for polyethylene packagings, with the
standard liquid mixture of hydrocarbons (white spirit) in accordance with 6.1.5.2.6.

Test method: the test samples filled with the substance for which the packaging is to be approved shall
be weighed before and after storage for 28 days at 23 °C and 50% relative atmospheric humidity. For
polyethylene packagings, the test may be carried out with the standard liquid mixture of hydrocarbons
(white spirit) in place of benzene, toluene or xylene.

Criterion for passing the test: permeability shall not exceed 0.008 g/l.h.

Test Report

 
A test report containing at least the following particulars shall be drawn up and shall be 
available to
the users of the packaging:
 
1.     Name and address of the test facility;
 
2.     Name and address of applicant (where appropriate);
 
3.     A unique test report identification;
 
4.     Date of the test report;
 
5.     Manufacturer of the packaging;
 
6. Description of the packaging design type (e.g. dimensions, materials, closures, thickness, 
etc.), including method of manufacture (e.g. blow moulding) and which may  include  drawing(s) 
and/or photograph(s);
 
7.     Maximum capacity;
 
8. Characteristics of test contents, e.g. viscosity and relative density for liquids and particle 
size for solids;
 
9.     Test descriptions and results;
10.   The test report shall be signed with the name and status of the signatory.
 

The test report shall contain statements that the packaging prepared as for carriage was tested in
accordance with the appropriate requirements of this section and that the use of other packaging
methods or components may render it invalid. A copy of the test report shall be available to the
competent authority.

Standard liquids for verifying the chemical compatibility testing of polyethylene packagings, including IBCs, in accordance with 6.1.5.2.6 and 6.5.6.3.5, respectively

 
The following standard liquids shall be used for this plastics material.
(a) Wetting Solution for substances causing severe cracking in polyethylene  under  stress,  in 
particular for all solutions and preparations containing wetting agents.
 
An aqueous solution of 1% of alkyl benzene sulphonate, or an aqueous solution of 5% nonylphenol 
ethoxylate which has been preliminary stored for at least 14 days at a temperature of 40 °C before 
being used for the first time for the tests, shall be used. The surface tension of this solution 
shall be 31 to 35 mN/m at 23 °C.
 
The stacking test shall be carried out on the basis of a relative density of not less than 1.20.
 
A compatibility test with acetic acid is not required if adequate chemical compatibility is proved 
with a wetting solution.
 
For filling substances causing cracking in polyethylene under stress which is resistant to the 
wetting solution, adequate chemical compatibility may be proved after preliminary storing for three 
weeks at 40 °C in accordance with 6.1.5.2.6, but with the original filling matter;
 
(b) Acetic acid for substances and preparations causing cracking in polyethylene under stress, in 
particular for monocarboxylic acids and monovalent alcohols.
 
Acetic acid in 98 to 100% concentration shall be used. Relative density = 1.05.
The stacking test shall be carried out on the basis of a relative density not less than 1.1.
 
In the case of filling substances causing polyethylene to swell more than acetic acid and to such 
an extent that the polyethylene mass is increased by up to 4%, adequate chemical compatibility may 
be proved after preliminary storing for three weeks at 40 °C, in accordance with 6.1.5.2.6 but with 
the original filling matter;
 
(c) Normal butyl acetate/normal butyl acetate-saturated wetting solution for substances and 
preparations causing polyethylene to swell to such an extent that the polyethylene mass is 
increased by about 4% and at the same time causing cracking under stress, in particular for 
phyto-sanitary products, liquid paints and esters. Normal butyl acetate in 98 to 100% concentration 
shall be used for preliminary storage in accordance with 6.1.5.2.6.
 
For the stacking test in accordance with 6.1.5.6, a test liquid consisting of a 1 to 10% aqueous 
wetting solution mixed with 2% normal butyl acetate conforming to (a) above shall be used.
 
The stacking test shall be carried out on the basis of a relative density not less than 1.0.
 
In the case of filling substances causing polyethylene to swell more than normal butyl acetate and 
to such an extent that the polyethylene mass is increased by up to 7.5%, adequate chemical 
compatibility may be proved after preliminary storing for three weeks at 40 °C, in accordance with 
6.1.5.2.6 but with the original filling matter;
 
(d)    Mixture of hydrocarbons (white spirit) for substances and preparations causing polyethylene  
  to swell, in particular for hydrocarbons, esters and ketones.
 
A mixture of hydrocarbons having a boiling range 160 °C to 220 °C, relative density 0.78-0.80, 
flash-point > 50 °C and an aromatic content 16% to 21% shall be used.
 
The stacking test shall be carried out on the basis of a relative density not less than 1.0.
 
In the case of filling substances causing polyethylene to swell to such an extent that the 
polyethylene mass is increased by more than 7.5%, adequate chemical compatibility may be proved 
after preliminary storing for three weeks at 40 °C, in accordance with 6.1.5.2.6 but with
iginal filling matter;
 
(e)
Nitric acid for all substances and preparations having an oxidizing effect on polyethylene   and
causing molecular degradation identical to or less than 55% nitric acid.
Nitric acid in a concentration of not less than 55% shall be used.
 
The stacking test shall be carried out on the basis of a relative density of not less than 1.4.
 
In the case of filling substances more strongly oxidizing than 55% nitric acid or causing 
degradation of the molecular mass proceed in accordance with 6.1.5.2.5.
 
The period of use shall be determined in such cases by observing the degree of damage (e.g. two 
years for nitric acid in not less than 55% concentration);
 
(f)             Water for substances which do not attack polyethylene in any of the cases referred 
to under
(a) to (e), in particular for inorganic acids and lyes, aqueous saline solutions, polyvalent 
alcohols and organic substances in aqueous solution.
 
The stacking test shall be carried out on the basis of a relative density of not less than 1.2.
 
A design type test with water is not required if adequate chemical compatibility is proved with 
solution or nitric acid.
 

 

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