Dangerous Goods by Road
The package, after being subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15, shall:
(a) Preserve the minimum overall outside dimensions of the package to at least 10 cm; and
(b) Prevent the entry of a 10 cm cube.
The package shall be designed for an ambient temperature range of -40°C to + 38°C unless the
competent authority specifies otherwise in the certificate of approval for the package design.
For a package in isolation, it shall be assumed that water can leak into or out of all void spaces
of the package, including those within the containment system. However, if the design incorporates
special features to prevent such leakage of water into or out of certain void spaces, even as a
result of error, absence of leakage may be assumed in respect of those void spaces. Special
features shall include either of the following:
(a) Multiple high standard water barriers, not less than two of which would remain watertight if
the package were subject to the tests prescribed in 6.4.11.13 (b), a high degree of quality
control in the manufacture, maintenance and repair of packagings and tests to demonstrate the
closure of each package before each shipment; or
(b) For packages containing uranium hexafluoride only, with maximum enrichment of 5 mass percent
uranium-235:
(i) packages where, following the tests prescribed in 6.4.11.13 (b), there is no physical
contact between the valve and any other component of the packaging other than at its original point
of attachment and where, in addition, following the test prescribed in 6.4.17.3 the
valves remain leaktight; and
(ii) a high degree of quality control in the manufacture, maintenance and repair of packagings
coupled with tests to demonstrate closure of each package before each shipment.
It shall be assumed that the confinement system is closely reflected by at least 20 cm of water or such
greater reflection as may additionally be provided by the surrounding material of the packaging.
However, when it can be demonstrated that the confinement system remains within the packaging
following the tests prescribed in 6.4.11.13 (b), close reflection of the package by at least 20 cm of
water may be assumed in 6.4.11.10 (c).
The package shall be subcritical under the conditions of 6.4.11.8 and 6.4.11.9 with the package
conditions that result in the maximum neutron multiplication consistent with:
(a) Routine conditions of carriage (incident free);
(b) The tests specified in 6.4.11.12 (b);
(c) The tests specified in 6.4.11.13 (b).
(Reserved)
For normal conditions of carriage a number "N" shall be derived, such that five times "N" packages
shall be subcritical for the arrangement and package conditions that provide the maximum neutron
multiplication consistent with the following:
(a) There shall not be anything between the packages, and the package arrangement shall be
reflected on all sides by at least 20 cm of water; and
(b) The state of the packages shall be their assessed or demonstrated condition if they had been
subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15.
For accident conditions of carriage a number "N" shall be derived, such that two times "N" packages
shall be subcritical for the arrangement and package conditions that provide the maximum neutron
multiplication consistent with the following:
(a) Hydrogenous moderation between packages, and the package arrangement reflected on all
sides by at least 20 cm of water; and
(b) The tests specified in 6.4.15 followed by whichever of the following is the more limiting:
(i) the tests specified in 6.4.17.2 (b) and, either 6.4.17.2 (c) for packages having a mass not
greater than 500 kg and an overall density not greater than 1 000 kg/m3 based on the
external dimensions, or 6.4.17.2 (a) for all other packages; followed by the test specified
in 6.4.17.3 and completed by the tests specified in 6.4.19.1 to 6.4.19.3; or
(ii) the test specified in 6.4.17.4; and
(c) Where any part of the fissile material escapes from the containment system following the tests
specified in 6.4.11.13 (b), it shall be assumed that fissile material escapes from each package in
the array and all of the fissile material shall be arranged in the configuration and moderation
that results in the maximum neutron multiplication with close reflection by at least 20 cm of
water.
The criticality safety index (CSI) for packages containing fissile material shall be obtained by dividing
the number 50 by the smaller of the two values of N derived in 6.4.11.12 and 6.4.11.13 (i.e. CSI =
50/N). The value of the criticality safety index may be zero, provided that an unlimited number of
packages is subcritical (i.e. N is effectively equal to infinity in both cases).
Test procedures and demonstration of compliance
Demonstration of compliance with the performance standards required in 2.2.7.2.3.1.3, 2.2.7.2.3.1.4,
2.2.7.2.3.3.1, 2.2.7.2.3.3.2, 2.2.7.2.3.4.1, 2.2.7.2.3.4.2, and 6.4.2 to 6.4.11 must be accomplished by
any of the methods listed below or by a combination thereof:
(a) Performance of tests with specimens representing LSA-III material, or special form
radioactive material, or low dispersible radioactive material or with prototypes or samples of
the packaging, where the contents of the specimen or the packaging for the tests shall
simulate as closely as practicable the expected range of radioactive contents and the
specimen or packaging to be tested shall be prepared as presented for carriage;
(b) Reference to previous satisfactory demonstrations of a sufficiently similar nature;
(c) Performance of tests with models of appropriate scale incorporating those features which are
significant with respect to the item under investigation when engineering experience has
shown results of such tests to be suitable for design purposes. When a scale model is used,
the need for adjusting certain test parameters, such as penetrator diameter or compressive
load, shall be taken into account;
(d) Calculation, or reasoned argument, when the calculation procedures and parameters are
generally agreed to be reliable or conservative.
After the specimen, prototype or sample has been subjected to the tests, appropriate methods of
assessment shall be used to assure that the requirements for the test procedures have been fulfilled in
compliance with the performance and acceptance standards prescribed in 2.2.7.2.3.1.3, 2.2.7.2.3.1.4,
2.2.7.2.3.3.1, 2.2.7.2.3.3.2, 2.2.7.2.3.4.1, 2.2.7.2.3.4.2, and 6.4.2 to 6.4.11.
All specimens shall be inspected before testing in order to identify and record faults or damage
including the following:
(a) Divergence from the design;
(b) Defects in manufacture;
(c) Corrosion or other deterioration; and
(d) Distortion of features.
The containment system of the package shall be clearly specified. The external features of the
specimen shall be clearly identified so that reference may be made simply and clearly to any part
of
such specimen.
Testing the integrity of the containment system and shielding and evaluating criticality safety
After each of the applicable tests specified in 6.4.15 to 6.4.21:
(a) Faults and damage shall be identified and recorded;
(b) It shall be determined whether the integrity of the containment system and shielding has been
retained to the extent required in 6.4.2 to 6.4.11 for the package under test; and
(c) For packages containing fissile material, it shall be determined whether the assumptions and
conditions used in the assessments required by 6.4.11.1 to 6.4.11.14 for one or more packages
are valid.
Target for drop tests
The target for the drop tests specified in 2.2.7.2.3.3.5 (a), 6.4.15.4, 6.4.16 (a), 6.4.17.2 and 6.4.20.2
shall be a flat, horizontal surface of such a character that any increase in its resistance to displacement
or deformation upon impact by the specimen would not significantly increase the damage to the
specimen.