Use of salvage packagings and large salvage packagings
Damaged, defective, leaking or non-conforming packages, or dangerous goods that have spilled or leaked may be carried in salvage packagings mentioned in 6.1.5.1.11 and in large salvage packagings mentioned in 6.6.5.1.9. This does not prevent the use of a larger size packaging, an IBC of type 11A or a large packaging of appropriate type and performance level and under the conditions of 4.1.1.19.2 and 4.1.1.19.3.
Appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent excessive movement of the damaged or leaking packages within a salvage packaging or large salvage packaging. When the salvage packaging or large salvage packaging contains liquids, sufficient inert absorbent material shall be added to eliminate the presence of free liquid.
Appropriate measures shall be taken to ensure that there is no dangerous build up of pressure.
Use of salvage pressure receptacles
In the case of damaged, defective, leaking or non-conforming pressure receptacles, salvage pressure receptacles according to 6.2.3.11 may be used.
NOTE: A salvage pressure receptacle may be used as an overpack in accordance with 5.1.2. When used as an overpack, marks shall be in accordance with 5.1.2.1 instead of 5.2.1.3.
Pressure receptacles shall be placed in salvage pressure receptacles of suitable size. The maximum size of the placed pressure receptacle is limited to a water capacity of 1 000 litres. More than one pressure receptacle may be placed in the same salvage pressure receptacle only if the contents are known and do not react dangerously with each other (see 4.1.1.6). In this case the total sum of water capacities of the placed pressure receptacles shall not exceed 1 000 litres. Appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent movement of the pressure receptacles within the salvage pressure receptacle e.g. by partitioning, securing or cushioning.
A pressure receptacle may only be placed in a salvage pressure receptacle if:
(a) The salvage pressure receptacle is in accordance with 6.2.3.11 and a copy of the approval certificate is available;
(b) Parts of the salvage pressure receptacle which are, or are likely to be in direct contact with the dangerous goods will not be affected or weakened by those dangerous goods and will not cause a dangerous effect (e.g. catalyzing reaction or reacting with the dangerous goods); and
(c) The contents of the contained pressure receptacle(s) are limited in pressure and volume so that if totally discharged into the salvage pressure receptacle, the pressure in the salvage pressure receptacle at 65 °C will not exceed the test pressure of the salvage pressure receptacle (for gases, see packing instruction in P200 (3) in 4.1.4.1). The reduction of the useable water capacity of the salvage pressure receptacle, e.g. by any contained equipment and cushioning, shall be taken into account.
The proper shipping name, the UN number preceded by the letters "UN" and label(s) as required for packages in Chapter 5.2 applicable to the dangerous goods inside the contained pressure receptacle(s) shall be applied to the salvage pressure receptacle for carriage.
Salvage pressure receptacles shall be cleaned, purged and visually inspected internally and externally after each use. They shall be periodically inspected and tested in accordance with 6.2.3.5 at least once every five years.
Verification of the chemical compatibility of plastics packagings, including IBCs, by assimilation of filling substances to standard liquids
Scope
For polyethylene packagings as specified in 6.1.5.2.6, and for polyethylene IBCs as specified in 6.5.6.3.5, the chemical compatibility with filling substances may be verified by assimilation to standard liquids following the procedures, as set out in 4.1.1.21.3 to 4.1.1.21.5 and using the list in table 4.1.1.21.6, provided that the particular design types have been tested with these standard liquids in accordance with 6.1.5 or 6.5.6, taking into account 6.1.6 and that the conditions in 4.1.1.21.2 are met. When assimilation in accordance with this sub-section is not possible, the chemical compatibility needs to be verified by design type testing in accordance with 6.1.5.2.5 or by laboratory tests in accordance with 6.1.5.2.7 for packagings, and in accordance with 6.5.6.3.3 or 6.5.6.3.6 for IBCs, respectively.
NOTE: Irrespective of the provisions of this sub-section, the use of packagings, including IBCs, for a specific filling substance is subject to the limitations of Table A of Chapter 3.2, and the packing instructions in Chapter 4.1.
Conditions
The relative densities of the filling substances shall not exceed that used to determine the height for the drop test performed successfully according to 6.1.5.3.5 or 6.5.6.9.4 and the mass for the stacking test performed successfully according to 6.1.5.6 or where necessary according to 6.5.6.6 with the assimilated standard liquid(s). The vapour pressures of the filling substances at 50 °C or 55 °C shall not exceed that used to determine the pressure for the internal pressure (hydraulic) test performed successfully according to 6.1.5.5.4 or 6.5.6.8.4.2 with the assimilated standard liquid(s). In case that filling substances are assimilated to a combination of standard liquids, the corresponding values of the filling substances shall not exceed the minimum values derived from the applied drop heights, stacking masses and internal test pressures.
Example: UN 1736 Benzoyl chloride is assimilated to the combination of standard liquids "Mixture of hydrocarbons and wetting solution". It has a vapour pressure of 0.34 kPa at 50 °C and a relative density of approximately 1.2. Design type tests for plastics drums and jerricans were frequently performed at minimum required test levels. In practice this means that the stacking test is commonly performed with stacking loads considering only a relative density of 1.0 for the "Mixture of hydrocarbons" and a relative density of 1.2 for the "Wetting solution" (see definition of standard liquids in 6.1.6). As a consequence chemical compatibility of such tested design types would not be verified for benzoyl chloride by reason of the inadequate test level of the design type with the standard liquid "mixture of hydrocarbons". (Due to the fact that in the majority of cases the applied internal hydraulic test pressure is not less than 100 kPa, the vapour pressure of benzoyl chloride would be covered by such test level according to 4.1.1.10).
All components of a filling substance, which may be a solution, mixture or preparation, such as wetting agents in detergents and disinfectants, irrespective whether dangerous or non-dangerous, shall be included in the assimilation procedure.
Assimilation procedure
The following steps shall be taken to assign filling substances to listed substances or groups of substances in table 4.1.1.21.6 (see also scheme in Figure 4.1.1.21.1):
(a) Classify the filling substance in accordance with the procedures and criteria of Part 2 (determination of the UN number and packing group);
(b) If it is included there, go to the UN number in column (1) of table 4.1.1.21.6;
(c) Select the line that corresponds in terms of packing group, concentration, flashpoint, the presence of non-dangerous components etc. by means of the information given in columns (2a), (2b) and (4), if there is more than one entry for this UN number.
If this is not possible, the chemical compatibility shall be verified in accordance with 6.1.5.2.5 or 6.1.5.2.7 for packagings, and in accordance with 6.5.6.3.3 or 6.5.6.3.6 for IBCs (however, in the case of aqueous solutions, see 4.1.1.21.4);
(d) If the UN number and packing group of the filling substance determined in accordance with (a) is not included in the assimilation list, the chemical compatibility shall be proved in accordance with 6.1.5.2.5 or 6.1.5.2.7 for packagings, and in accordance with 6.5.6.3.3 or 6.5.6.3.6 for IBCs;
(e) Apply the "Rule for collective entries", as described in 4.1.1.21.5, if this is indicated in column (5) of the selected line;
(f) The chemical compatibility of the filling substance may be regarded as verified taking into account 4.1.1.21.1 and 4.1.1.21.2, if a standard liquid or a combination of standard liquids is assimilated in column (5) and the design type is approved for that/those standard liquid(s).
Figure 4.1.1.21.1: Scheme for the assimilation of filling substances to standard liquids
Aqueous solutions
Aqueous solutions of substances and groups of substances assimilated to specific standard liquid(s) in accordance with 4.1.1.21.3 may also be assimilated to that (those) standard liquid(s) provided the following conditions are met:
(a) the aqueous solution can be assigned to the same UN number as the listed substance in accordance with the criteria of 2.1.3.3, and
(b) the aqueous solution is not specifically mentioned by name otherwise in the assimilation list in 4.1.1.21.6, and
(c) no chemical reaction is taking place between the dangerous substance and the solvent water.
Example: Aqueous solutions of UN 1120 tert-Butanol:
- Pure tert-Butanol itself is assigned to the standard liquid "acetic acid" in the assimilation list.
- Aqueous solutions of tert-Butanol can be classified under the entry UN 1120 BUTANOLS in accordance with 2.1.3.3, because the aqueous solution of tert-Butanol does not differ from the entries of the pure substances relating to the class, the packing group(s) and the physical state. Furthermore, the entry "1120 BUTANOLS" is not explicitly limited to the pure substances, and aqueous solutions of these substances are not specifically mentioned by name otherwise in Table A of chapter 3.2 as well as in the assimilation list.
- UN 1120 BUTANOLS do not react with water under normal conditions of carriage.
As a consequence, aqueous solutions of UN 1120 tert-Butanol may be assigned to the standard liquid "acetic acid".