The complete package as prepared for carriage, with inner packagings filled to not less than 95% of their capacity for solids or 98% for liquids, shall be capable of withstanding, as demonstrated by testing which is appropriately documented, without breakage or leakage of any inner packaging and without significant reduction in effectiveness:

(a) Drops onto a rigid, non-resilient flat and horizontal surface from a height of 1.8 m:

(i) Where the sample is in the shape of a box, it shall be dropped in each of the following orientations:

- flat on the base;

- flat on the top;

- flat on the longest side;

- flat on the shortest side;

- on a corner;

(ii) Where the sample is in the shape of a drum, it shall be dropped in each of the following orientations:

- diagonally on the top chime, with the centre of gravity directly above the point of impact;

- diagonally on the base chime;

- flat on the side;

NOTE: Each of the above drops may be performed on different but identical packages.

(b) A force applied to the top surface for a duration of 24 hours, equivalent to the total weight of identical packages if stacked to a height of 3 m (including the sample).

For the purposes of testing, the substances to be carried in the packaging may be replaced by other substances except where this would invalidate the results of the tests. For solids, when another substance is used, it must have the same physical characteristics (mass, grain size, etc.) as the substance to be carried. In the drop tests for liquids, when another substance is used, its relative density (specific gravity) and viscosity should be similar to those of the substance to be carried.

Packages containing excepted quantities of dangerous goods prepared in accordance with this Chapter  shall be durably and legibly marked with the mark shown in 3.5.4.2. The first or only label number indicated in column (5) of Table A of Chapter 3.2 for each of the dangerous goods contained in the package shall be shown in the mark. Where the name of the consignor or consignee is not shown elsewhere on the package this information shall be included within the mark.

Dangerous goods shall be packed in good quality packagings, including IBCs and large packagings, which shall be strong enough to withstand the shocks and loadings normally encountered during carriage, including trans-shipment between cargo transport units and between cargo transport units and warehouses as well as any removal from a pallet or overpack for subsequent manual or mechanical handling. Packagings, including IBCs and large packagings, shall be constructed and closed so as to prevent any loss of contents when prepared for transport which might be caused under normal conditions of transport, by vibration, or by changes in temperature, humidity or pressure (resulting from altitude, for example). Packagings, including IBCs and large packagings, shall be closed in accordance with the information provided by the manufacturer. No dangerous residue shall adhere to the outside of packagings, IBCs and large packagings during carriage. These provisions apply, as appropriate, to new, reused, reconditioned or remanufactured packagings and to new, reused, repaired or remanufactured IBCs, and to new, reused or remanufactured large packagings.

Parts of packagings, including IBCs and large packagings, which are in direct contact with dangerous goods:

(a) shall not be affected or significantly weakened by those dangerous goods;

(b) shall not cause a dangerous effect e.g. catalysing a reaction or reacting with the dangerous goods; and

(c) shall not allow permeation of the dangerous goods that could constitute a danger under normal conditions of carriage.

Where necessary, they shall be provided with a suitable inner coating or treatment.

NOTE: For chemical compatibility of plastics packagings, including IBCs, made from polyethylene see 4.1.1.21.

Unless otherwise provided elsewhere in ADR, each packaging, including IBCs and large packagings, except inner packagings, shall conform to a design type successfully tested in accordance with the requirements of 6.1.5, 6.3.5, 6.5.6 or 6.6.5, as applicable. The packagings for which the test is not required are mentioned under 6.1.1.3.

Büyük ambalajlar ve IBC'ler dâhil ambalajlar sıvı ile doldurulurken, taşıma esnasında sıcaklığa bağlı olarak sıvının genleşmesinden kaynaklanabilecek bir sızıntı veya kalıcı şekil bozukluğunun önlenmesi için yeterli boşluk (fire) bırakılır. Özel zorunluluklar belirtilmedikçe, sıvılar 55 °C sıcaklıkta bir ambalajı tamamen dolduramaz. Bununla birlikte, 50 °C ortalama dökme sıcaklığında, su kapasitesinin %98'inden daha fazla doldurulmamasını temin etmek için bir IBC'de yeterli boşluk bırakılmalıdır. 15 °C doldurma sıcaklığı için, azami doldurma derecesi, aksi belirtilmedikçe aşağıdaki iki yöntemden biriyle belirlenecektir:

(a)

or

(b)    degree of filling =    % of the capacity of the packaging.

In this formula α represents the mean coefficient of cubic expansion of the liquid substance between 15 °C and 50 °C; that is to say, for a maximum rise in temperature of 35 °C,

α is calculated according to the formula:

d15 and d50 being the relative densities1 of the liquid at 15 °C and 50 °C and tf the mean temperature of the liquid at the time of filling.